Family Name: zingiberaceae
Botanical Name : Zingiber offinale
Vernacular Name : Sans- Ardraka ,Hind - Adrak , Eng - Ginger
Parts used : rhizome
Properties and uses : Ginger is pungent; stomachic. aphrodisiac, laxative, alexiteric; improves taste; useful in indigestion, vomiting, pains, asthma, bronchitis, diseases of the heart, elephantiasis, piles, eructations, abdominal troubles.
The rhizome has a sharp taste, pungent; stomachic, aphrodisiac, tonic, expectorant, carminative; removes pain due to cold, worms from the brain; gives lustre to the eye.
Ginger is anthelmintic; good in piles, rheumatism, headache, lumbago, pains , the fresh root is ground and mixed either with honey or with clarified butter and held over a fire till pasty, when it is made into pills, which are used as a remedy against cough, the dose being about four a day.
The plant is used as an aromatic, stomachic and stimulant.
The rhizome is given internally as an aromatic tonic; externally it is applied to boils and enlarged glands.
The root skin is used as a carminative and is said to be a remedy for opacity of the cornea.
The raw ginger is acrid, thermogenic, canninative, laxative and digestive.
It is useful in anorexia, vitiated conditions or vata and kapha, dyspepsia, pharyngopathy and inflammations.
The dry ginger is acrid, thennogenic, emoilient, appetiser, laxative, stomachic, stimulant, rubefacient, anodyne, aphrodisiac, expectorant, anthelmintic and carminative.
It is useful in dropsy, otalgia, cephalalgia, asthma, cough, colic, diarrhoea. flatulence. anorexia. vitiated conditions of vata and kapha, dyspepsia, cardiopathy, pharyngopathy, cholera, nausea, vomiting, elephantiasis and inflammations.
It is also much used in several domestic preparations
Family Name: Apiaceae
Botanical Name : Trachyspermum roxburghianum
Vernacular Name : Sans-Ajamoda ,Hind - Ajmud , Eng –Ajowan
Parts used : fruits
Properties and uses :The seeds are hot, bitter, pungent; stomachic, appetiser, apbrodiaiae, anthelmintic ,carminative, laxative; cure ascites. abdominal tumours. enlargement of the spleen. piles. vomiting. abdominal pain, good for the heart and in toothache; increase biliousness .
The seeds are bitter and hot; carminative, diuretic, galactagogue, tonic, expectorant, emmenagogue; cure weakness of limbs and paralysis, chest pains; improve speech and the eye-sight; stimulate the intestine; good for ear-boils, liver, spleen, hiccough, vomiting, dyspepsia, kidney troubles, inflammations
The fruits are much valued for their antispasmodic, stimulant, tonic, and carminative properties. They are administered in flatulence, atonic dyspepsia and diarrheea, and often recommended for cholera.
They are used most frequently in conjunction with assafoetida, myrobalans, and rock salt.
A decoction is supposed to check discharges, and it is therefore sometimes prescribed as a lotion, and often constitutes an ingredient in cough mixture.
The root is diuretic and carminative. It is used in febrile affections and in stomach disorders.
Family Name: . Solanaceae
Botanical Name : Solanum tuberosum Linn
Vernacular Name : Sans-Golakandah ,Hind - Alu , Eng -Potato
Parts used : leaves, tubers
Properties and uses: The leaf extract is antispasmodic in chronic cough. The potato tuber is sweet, aphrodisiac, antiscorbotic, aperient, diuretic, galactagogue and nervine sedative, rich in starch and vitamin C and is a tonic. It is good for strangury, constipation, hyperacidity, scabies and dermatopathy.
A paste of it is used as a plaster for bums with much benefit. It is a tasty vegetable which will cause flatulence if consumed in excess.
Family Name: Euphorbiaceae
Botanical Name : Emblica officinalis
Vernacular Name: Sans –Amalakee ,Hind –Amla, Eng –Indian Goose berry
It is kashaya, amla, madhura, shishira, laghu; beneficial in burning sensation, deranged pitta, vomiting, polyuria, oedema and rejuvenating. The fruit is katu, madhura, kashaya, amla (slight); pacifies deranged kapha, appetizing, sheeta; alleviates burning sensation due to haemorrhagic disease: relieves fatigue; antiemetic; used in constipation and flatulence.
Parts Used: Fruits, seeds, flowers, leaves, bark and root.
Therapeutic Uses: Fruit: astringent, antidiarrhoeal, antidysenteric. antiscorbutic, carminative, cooling, stomachic and tonic; beneficial in urinary troubles; prescribed in anaemia, jaundice and dyspepsia in combination with iron; seeds: used as a col1yrium in eye complaints; infusion useful in asthma. bronchitis and fevers; flowers: aperient and refrigerant; leaves: juice applied externally to ulcers; infusion mixed with Fenugreek seeds useful in chronic dysentery; bark and root: astringent.
Family Name: Apiaceae
Botanical Name : Ferula asafoetida Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-Hingu ,Hind - Hing , Eng -Asafetida
Parts used: resinous exudate of the root
Properties and uses: The oleo resin is bitter, acrid, carminative, antispasmodic, expectorant, anthelmintic, diuretic, laxative, nervine tonic, digestive, sedative and emmenagogue. It is used in flatulent colic, dyspepsia, asthma, hysteria, constipation, chronic bronchitis, whooping cough, epilepsy, psychopathy, hepatopathy, splenopathy and vitiated conditions of kapha and vata.
The gum is litter, hot. pungent; digestble, stomachic, laxative, analgesic, anthelmintic, carminative. whets the appetite; cures:" kapha" and" vata ", dyspepsia; good in diseases of the heart; used in abdominal tumours, ascites, jaundice, caries of the teeth: increases biliousness
The stem has a sharp taste and flavour; tonic to the brain and the liver: emmenagogue, bechic; lessens all inflammations; good in paralysis.-
The gum has a bad taste and a bad smell. harmful to cold constitutions; anthelmintic, emmenagogue, tonic; useful in paralysis, giddiness, deafness, asthma, dyspnoea of children, rheumatism, sore eyes, ophthalmia, ulcers of the eye, eye opacities. dry cough; improves the throat. and the voice relieves griping. troubles of the liver and the spleen .
The leaves possess diaphoretic and carminative properties.
The gum-resin is a powerful antispasmodic, expectorant and anthelmintic, a nervine stimulant and a feeble laxative.
It is useful in hysteria and hysterical affections, also in spasmodic affections. such as asthma, whooping cough, angina pectoris, flatulent colic, etc.
It produces remarkable effects in the advanced stages of pneumonia and bronchitis in children.
The gum-resin is used as a condiment. It is very efficacious in flatulent colic. It is applied as a paste for rheumatism.
Botanical Name : Pennisetum spicatum
Vernacular Name: Sans- Sajaka ,Hind - Bajera, Eng - Spiked millet
Therapeutic Uses:
The plant is tonic, heating, aphrodisiac in women; useful in diseases of the heart; a good appetiser; causes flatulence.
Family Name:poaceae
Botanical Name : Haordeum vulgare
Vernacular Name: Sans Yavaka ,Hind - Jawa , Eng - Barley
Parts used : grains
Properties and uses : The grains are astringent, sweet, acrid, refrigerant, emollient, diuretic, intellect promoting, aphrodisiac, mucilaginous, digestive and tonic.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and pitta, cough, asthma, strangury, amentia, fever, bronchiotitis, urocystitis urethritis, dyspepsia, gastropathy, ulcers, bums, cephalalgia, anaemia and in the diet of invalids.
Barley is cooling, sweetish, acrid; aphrodisiac; causes constipation; useful in bronchitis, biliousness, asthma; appetiser; fattening; improves the voice; good for ulcers, burns, anemia, urinary discharges .
Barley is tasteless; lowers the pulse; allays thirst; useful in biliousness, bronchitis, headache, pains in the chest, inflamed gums, fevers .
Barley is demulcent, and easy of digestion, and is for these reasons used in the dietary of the sick.
A powder of the parched grains is much employed in the form of a gruel in cases of painful and atonic dyspepsia.
The ashes of the leaf are employed in the formation of cooling sherbet. The ashes of the stalks are prescribed for indigestion
The barley water, a decoction of the grain, is principally prescribed, and is valuable in cases requiring demulcent treatment.
Preparations of malt have acquired some reputation of late years , since they are more demulcent and nutritious than those of the unmalted barley.
The germinated barley or malt with the radicle attached to it is used as peptic, stomachic, lenitive, demulcent, and expectorant. It enters in a number of prescriptions given for infantile complaints.
Family Name: Chenopodiac
Botanical Name : Beta vulgaris Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans- palakya ,Hind - cukkandar , Eng –beet root
Parts used: taproot, leaves, seeds
Properties and uses: The swollen roots are sweet, expectorant and tonic, and are useful in psychopathy, cough, inflammations and general debility.
The leaves are sweet, acrid, cooling, diuretic, anti. inflammatory, purgative, anodyne and tonic. They are useful in cuts and burns, strangury, inflammations, paralysis, otalgia, cephalalgia. liver and spleen disorders, constipation, vitiated conditions of pitta and general debility.
The seeds are bitter, expectorant, diuretic, aphrodisiac, carminative and emmenagogue, and are useful in cough, asthma, strangury, inflammation, flatulence, anorexia, amenorrhoea and dysmenorrhoea.
Family Name: fabaceae
Botanical Name : cicer arietinum
Vernacular Name: Sans-canakah ,Hind -cana , Eng - Bengal gram
Parts used : leaves, seeds
Properties and uses : The leaves are sour; astringent to the bowels; improve taste and appetite; cure bronchitis; cause flatulence.
The unripe seed is stimulant, tonic, aphrodisiac; cures thirst and burning.
The seed is sweet, refrigerant, dry; appetiser; tonic, anthelmintic; causes flatulence; useful in leprosy, bronchitis; cures skin diseases, blood troubles, ozoena, throat complaints, biliousness.
The acid exudation is astringent and useful in dyspepsia and constipation
The leaves are purgative, abortifacient; tonic to the hair; useful in cold. pains; cause flatulence.
The seed is sweet when raw , indigestible, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, tonic; good for diseases and enlargement of the liver and spleen, for complaints of the chest, throat troubles, foul mouth, and fever; enriches the blood; cures skin diseases, inflammations more especially of the ear
The fresh plant put into hot water is used in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea; the patient is made to sit over the steam.
The acid exudation-" vinegar "-is considered a useful astringent..
The seeds are used as a diuretic and as an anthelmintic. In some parts an infusion is given to allay the pain due to urinary calculi.
Family Name: piperaceae
Botanical Name : Piper betle
Vernacular Name: Sans- Tambuli ,Hind - Pan , Eng - Betel leaf
Parts used : whole plant
Properties and uses : The leaf is pungent, bitter, sweetish, acrid; heating, carminative, stomachic, anthelmintic. tonic, aphrodisiac, laxative; useful in "vata", " kapha ", foul smell in the mouth, ozoena, bronchitis, elephantiasis of the leg; improves appetite; should not be taken in eye diseases, leprosy, poisoning, thirst, alcoholism, asthma, loss of consciousness
The leaf has a sharp taste and good smell; improves taste and appetite; tonic to the brain, heart, liver; strengthens the teeth; lessens; thirst; clears the throat; vulnerary and styptic. The fruit is employed with honey as a remedy for cough, and the root is said to be used to prevent childbearing.
The juice or- the leaves is dropped into the eye in painful affections of that organ; it is also used to relieve cerebral congestion and satyriasis, and to. allay thirst.
The juice of the leaves is dropped into the eyes' in night-blindness
The essential oil from the leaves has been successfully used in the treatment of catarrhal disorders and as an antiseptic.,
The pounded fresh leaves are used in the preparation of lotions and baths for patients suffering from protracted fever, small-pox, enlarged glands, lymphangitis.
The leaves are eminently the cure for the diseases of children: indigestion, colic, diarrhoea, pulmonary catarrh, and laryngitis.
Applied hot to the chest they are said to act as a lactagogue.
Family Name: Aracaceae
Botanical Name : Areca catecha
Vernacular Name: Sans- Tambula, Hind - Supari, Eng - Betel nut tree
Parts used : roots, leaves ,fruits
Properties and uses : The unripe fruit is poisonous and harmful to the eyesight.
The fruit is bitter, dry; cooling, indigestible; laxative; improves the appetite and test; removes foul breath.
The gum is pungent, saltish; cooling; causes biliousness
The nut is digestive, astringent, diuretic, cardiotonic, emmenagogue; useful for inflammation of the eyes, giddiness, gleet; removes pus .
The powdered nut, in doses of 10 or 15 grains every three or four hours, is useful in checking ,diarrhoea arising from debility. It has also been found very useful in urinary disorders, and is reported to possess aphrodisiac properties.
The dried nuts, when chewed, produce stimulant and exhilarant effects on the system.
The nut is regarded as a nervine tonic and emmenagogue, and is used as an astringent lotion for the eyes.
The young nut possesses decided. astringent properties, and is prescribed in bowel complaints and bad ulcers.
The juice of the young tender leaves mixed with oil is applied as an embrocation in cases of lumbago, and a decoction of the root is a reputed cure for sore lips.
The nut is used as an astringent for bleeding gums; women employ it both internally and locally for stopping watery discharges from the vagina.
The grated nut is given as an anthehnintic for round as well as tape worms
The leaves are used internally for bronchitis and externally for lumbago.
The fruit is given in diarrhoea in combination with opium, and the root is prescribed in diseases of the liver.
The juice of the tender nuts acts in small doses as a laxative
A decoction of the root is a reputed cure for sore lips.
The juice of tender leaves is mixed with oil and is used as an embrocation in cases of lumbago
The nuts are used either raw or cured. They are cooling, astringent, diuretic, digestive, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, nervine tonic and emmenagogue. They are useful in urinary disorders, anorexia and general debility.
Family Name: cucerbitaceae
Botanical Name : Langenaria siceraria
Vernacular Name: Sans- Katutumbi ,Hind - Titalauki , Eng - Bitter gourd
Parts used : whole plant
Properties and uses :
1. Sweet-fruit variety: The stem is sweet, laxative; cures biliousness; causes bronchitis and flatulence. The leaves are laxative.-The fruit is sweet, oleagenous; cardiotonic, general tonic, aphrodisiac, laxative, cooling, fattening; increases" vata "; improves taste; cures leucorrhoea and biliousness; wholesome to the foetus-.
2. Bitter-fruit variety: The leaves are diuretic, antibilious; useful in leucorrhrea, vaginal and uterine complaints, earache.-The fruit is bitter, hot, pungent; emetic, alexiteric, cooling, cardiotonic, anti. bilious; cures asthma, "vata", bronchitis, inflammations, ulcers, . pains
1 Sweet-fruit variety: The fruit is indigestible; tonic to the liver, vulnerary, antiperiodic; cures blood diseases of persons with a hot constitution; cures muscular pain and dry cough.-The rind is good for piles.-The ash of the rind is styptic and vulnerary -The seeds are good for hot constitutions.
2. Bitter-fruit variety : The roots diminish inflammation.-The flowers are cooling; good in ophthalmia and toothache; cause haemoptysis.-The fruit is very bitter; good in bronchitis.-The seeds are emetic.
3. Long-fruit variety: The fruit is sweet, diuretic, antipyretic, antihilious.-The seeds are fattening, diuretic, cooling, tonic to the brain; cure cough, fever, scalding of urine, earache; lessen inflammation. The seeds of this plant yield an oil which is used as an applicalien for headache.
The flesh of the fruit is considered diuretic, refrigerant, antibilious. It is also sometimes made into a poultice when fresh it is bitter and purgative, and is applied over the shaved head in delirium. the pulp is applied to the sole in burning of the feet,"
The pulp of the bitter variety is powerfully emetic and purgative., it is used in native practice as a purgative; it is also applied exeternally as a poultice.
A decoction of the leaves mixed with sugar is given in jaundice.
The roots are emetic, purgative and anti-inflammatory and are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha, constipation and inflammations.
The leaves are bitter, refrigerant, emetic, purgative, anodyne, expectorant, depurative and febrifuge. They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, cough, bronchitis, asthma, fever, inflammations, leprosy, skin diseases, jaundice, decaying teeth, cephalalgia, constipation, flatulence and baldness.
Flowers are cooling and are useful in ophthalmia and odontalgia.
The fruits are bitter, acrid, refrigerant, emetic, purgative, antiinflammatory, depurative, expectorant, diuretic and febrifuge. They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning of the feet, cough, bronchitis, inflammation, skin diseases, leprosy, fainting and fever.
The seeds are purgative, diuretic, cooling and brain tonic, and are useful in cough, fever, scalding of urine, otalgia, inflammations and dropsy.
Family Name: Solanaceae
Botanical Name : Solanum melongena Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-Varttaki ,Hind - Bengan , Eng - Brinjal
Parts used: roots, leaves, unripe fruits
Properties and uses: The roots are laxative, analgesic and cardiotonic, and are useful in inflammations, neuralgia, cardiac debility and ulcers in the nose. The leaves are sialagogue, narcotic, and antiherpetic, and are useful in cholera, bronchitis, asthma, odontalgia and fever. The unripe fruits are bitter, acrid, sweet, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic and haematinic.
The unripe fruit is bitter, pungent, heating, sweetish, saltish, tasty; improves appetite, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic; enriches the blood; beneficial in " vata " and" kapha "; increases asthma and bronchitis, but does not cause biliousness. The ripe fruit causes biliousness, but improves the blood. The root is applied to lessen pain.
The fruit is tasteless; cardiotonic, laxative, analgesic, malurant; lessens inflammation; bad for piles if taken internally, but beneficial if applied externally. The leaves are used as a narcotic.
The seeds are used as a stimulant, but they are apt to lead to dyspepsia and constipation.
The leaves and fruits are used medicinally in Madagascar. They are considered sialagogue, odontalgic, and antiherpetic. They are also commonly used in cholera, bronchitis, fever, dysuria, and asthma.
The juice of the roots is instilled in otitis and odontalgia.
Some drink a decoction of the root in the treatment of syphilis, and apply a paste of the leaf to the external manifestations.
Family Name: Brassicaceae :
Botanical Name : Brassica oleracea vare . capitata
Vernacular Name: Sans- kemukh, Hind-Bantgopi, Eng- cabbage
Parts used: leaves
Properties and uses: Leaves are sweet, cooling, stomachic, antiscorbutic, emollient, constipating, diuretic, anthelmintic and cardiotonic.
They are useful in abdominal disorders, pruritus. skin diseases. diarrhoea. strangury. intestinal worms. cough. bronchial asthma. fever. warts; urorrhea. haemorrhoids. gout and vitiated conditions of pitta and vata
Family Name: Solanaceae
Botanical Name : Capsicum annuum Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-kayuvrah ,Hind - laimirchi , Eng - chillies
Parts used: fruits
Properties and uses: The fruits are acrid, bitter, thermogenic, digestive, carminative, laxative, expectorant, sialagogue, stimulant, cardiotonic, antipyretic, antiperiodic, sudorific and rubefacient.
They are useful in cephalalgia, gout, arthritis, sciatica, hoarseness, anorexia, dyspepsia, flatulence, cough, cardiac debility, malarial and intermittent fevers, dropsy, cholera, indolent ulcers and vitiated conditions of kapha.
Family Name: Zingiberaceae
Botanical Name : Elattaria cardamomum
Vernacular Name: Sans- Ela ,Hind - Elaichi , Eng - Cardamom
Parts used : seeds, oil.
Properties and uses : The seeds are bitter, cooling, pungent, fragrant; cause biliousness; abortifacient. alexiteric; clear the head, the brain, the mouth; useful in asthma, bronchitis,, piles, consumption, strangury, scabies. Pruritus, diseases of the bladder, kidney, rectum, and throat.
The seed is fragrant; tonic to the heart, stomachic, laxative, diuretic, carminative; causes thirst; lessens inflammation; useful in headache, earache, toothache, bad humours of the liver, the chest, and the throat
The seeds are used as an ingredient in compound preparations.
The root is used for laxative and tonic properties.
The fruit is considered tonic, stimulant, stomachic, and emmenagogue; it is administered internally in diseases of the liver and the uterus; externally it is applied to tumours of the uterus.
Family Name: Apiaceae
Botanical Name : Daucus carata'
Vernacular Name: Sans- Garjarah ,Hind - Gajar , Eng - Carrot
Parts used: roots, seeds
Properties and uses: The tap roots are sweet, thermogenic, appetiser, carminative, digestive, anthelmintic, stomachic, constipating, diuretic, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic, expectorant, stimulant, vulnerary and ophthalmic, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, anorexia, dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, infestations of round worms and thread worms, diarrhoea, strangury, heartburn, hyperacidity, cardiac debility, cough, asthma, bronchitis, wounds, indolent ulcers, leprosy, cataract, nyctalopia, dysopia, myopia, tumours, inflamma!ion; haemorrhoids, haemoptysis, burns, diabetes and jaundice.
The seeds are aromatic, stimulant, aphrodisiac, diuretic and abortifacient, and are useful in vitiated conditions of valta, chronic diarrhoea, vescical calculi and ascitis.
Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Botanical Name : Anacardium occidentale
Vernacular Name: Sans-vrkkabijah ,Hind -kaju , Eng - cashewnut tree
Parts used : roots, leaves, fruits.
Properties and uses : The fruit is acrid, sweet, hot; digestible, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic; cures" vata " and" kapha ", turn ours, ascites, fever, ulcers, leucoderma and skin diseases, dysentery, piles, loss of appetite.
The bark is said to have alterative properties. The root is considered purgative and the fruit antidiarrhoeal.
The tar from the bark is used as a counter-irritant.
As an external application it has been recommended in leprosy, ringworm, corns, and obstinate ulcers; it is powerfully rubefacient and vesicant, and requires to be used with caution.
Family Name: lauraceae
Botanical Name : Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Vernacular Name: Sans- Tvach Hind - Dalchini ,a, Eng - True cinnamon
Parts used : bark ,oil
Properties and uses : The bark is bitter, pungent, with a flavour; aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, tonic; useful in "vata", biliousness, thirst, parched mouth, bronchitis, diarrhoea, itching, diseases of the heart and rectum, urinary diseases.
The oil is styptic, carminative; useful in loss of appetite, flatulence, eructations, vomiting, toothache
The bark has a sharp hot taste; tonic, alexiteric, carminative, aphrodisiac, expectorant; causes:; salivation; useful in hydrocele, flatulence, heated brain, headache, hiccough, piles, scorpion-sting; strengthens the liver.-
The oil is carminative, emmenagogue, tonic to the liver; useful in inflammations, abdominal pains, cold in the head, bronchitis .
The bark is aromatic, astringent, stimulant, and carminative. It is a fragrant especially useful for weakness of the stomach and diarrhoea. It checks nausea and vomiting.
The essential oil from the bark, and pure cinnamic aldehyde
are quite ineffective as anthelmintics .
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Vernacular Name: Sans- Ksudrasimbi ,Hind -Gover , Eng - Cluster bean
Parts used : Pods
Properties and uses: the pods are sweet, cooling, laxative, digestive, appetiser, tonic and galactagogue, and are useful in constipation, dyspepsia, anorexia, agalactia, nyctalopia allivitiated conditions of pitta.
Family Name: Apiaceae
Botanical Name : Coriandrum sativum Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-dhanyakam ,Hind -dhaniyam , Eng - Coriander
Parts used: leaves, fruits
Properties and uses: The leaves are acrid, astringent, aromatic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and styptic, and are useful in halitosis, pharyngopathy, epistaxis, ulemorrhagia, chronic conjunctivitis, hiccough, inflammations, suppuration, haemorrhoids, jaundice and odontalgia.
The fruits are aromatic, bitter, sweet, acrid, astringent, emollient, thermogenic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, stomachic, carminative, digestive, appetiser, constipating, diuretic, antipyretic, stimulant, expectorant and anodyne, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, cough, bronchitis, pharyngopathy, vomiting, dyspepsia, anorexia, colic, flatulence, diarrhoea, dysentery, chronic conjunctivitis, cephalalgia, epistaxis, erysipelas, strangury, dropsy, scrofula, helminthiasis, haemorrhoids, intermittent fevers, . hyperdipsia, gout, rheumatism and giddiness.'
A leaf paste is good for allergic inflammations caused by 'Marking nut' ie bhallataka
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Vigna unguiculata
Vernacular Name: Sans-Mahamasah ,Hind - Lobiya , Eng - Cow pea
Parts used: seeds
Properties and uses: The seeds are sweet, astringent, appetiser, laxative. anthelmintic, anaphrodisiac, diuretic, galactagogue and liver tonic.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of kaphaand pitta, anorexia, constipation, helminthiasis, strangury, agalactia, jaundice and general debilit.
Family Name: Cucurbiataceae
Botanical Name : Cucumis sativus
Vernacular Name: Sans –Trapusah, Hind- Khira, Eng- Cucumber
Parts used: fruits, seeds
Properties and uses: The fruits are sweet, refrigerant, haemostatic, diuretic and tonic, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, hyperdipsia, burning sensation, thermoplegia, fever, insomnia, ecphalalgia, bronchitis, jaundice, haemorrhages, strangury and general debility.
The seeds are astringent, sweet, refrigerant, nutritive, purgative, antipyretic, diuretic and tonic, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, constipation, intermittent fevers, strangury, renal calculus, urodynia and general debility.
Family Name: Moringaceae
Botanical Name : Moringa olifera
Vernacular Name: Sans-sigruh ,Hind -mungana , Eng – drum stick
Parts used : root ,bark, leaves, seeds,
Properties and uses : The root-bark has a sharp. taste, hot, sweet, occasionally bitter; digestible, astringent to the bowels, aphrodisiac, alexeteric, anthelmintic, analgesic; causes a burning sensation, biliousness; makes the blood impure; improves the appetite; useful in heart complaints, eye diseases, .. kapha", "vata ", all "tridosha" fevers, inflammation. dyspepsia, enlargement of the spleen, tuberculous glands in the neck, tumours, ulcers, earache, stuttering.
A decoction of the root-bark is recommended to be given with asafretida and rock salt in inflammation, abscess and calculous affections
The bark removes all kinds of pains.
The leaves are tasty, cooling; remove all kinds of excessive pain; fattening, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic; useful in eye diseases " vata "., biliousness; cure hallucinations, dry tumours, hiccough, asthma.
The flowers are hot; anthelmintic; cure inflammations, muscle diseases, kapha, vata, tmours, enlargement of spleen.
The fruit is sweet, acrid, cures" kapha" and biliousness, pain, leucoderma, tumour.--The seed is hot; alexipharmac; cures eye diseases, head complaints, " vata "; causes" kapha ".
The oil is useful in leprous ulcers.
The root is bitter; tonic to the body and the lungs; emmenagogue, laxative, expectorant, diuretic; enriches the blood; good for inflammations, the throat, chest wounds, bronchitis, piles, loss of appetite; cures stomatitis, urinary discharges, obstinate asthma, lumbago; sharpens the appetite; increases biliousness.
The root is used for soreness of the mouth and throat; and the gum for dental caries.
The gum of the tree, mixed with sesamum oil, is recommended to be poured into the ears for the relief of otalgia.
Vaids prescribe the root as a stimulant in paralytic affections and intermittent fever; and they also employ it in epilepsy and hysteria, and consider it a valuable rubefacient in palsy and chronic rheumatism.
The fruit is administered in affections of the liver and spleen, .articular pains, tetanus, paralysis, etc.
The oil of the seeds is used as an external application for rheumatism, a decoction of the root-bark is used as a fomentation to relieve spasm..
The fresh root is stimulant, carminative, stomachic and stimulantdiuretic; and the flowers also possess a slight stimulant property.
Family Name: Rutaceae
Botanical Name : Limonia acidissima Linn.
Vernacular Name: Sans-Kapitthah ,Hind - Katbel , Eng –Elephant apple
Parts used: bark, leaves, fruits, gum
Properties and uses: The bark is aromatic and cooling, and is useful in vitiated conditions of pitta.
The leaves are aromatic, astringent, carminative, constipating, antiemetic, expectorant and cardiotonic.
They are useful in gastropathy, anorexia, diarrhoea, vomiting, cough, bronchitis, hiccough, cardiac debility and vitiated conditions of vata.
The unripe fruits are sour, aromatic, astringent, constipating and alexipharmic, and are useful in diarrhoea, pruritus and pharyngodynia.
The ripe fruits are sweet, sour, astringent, bitter, refrigerant, aromatic, anodyne, constipating, aphrodisiac, antiscorbutic, alexipharmic, cardiotonic, diuretic, vulnerary, expectorant, stomachic and antiemetic. They are useful in diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting, hyperdipsia, hiccough, pharyngodynia, stomatitis, gingivitis.
Family Name: Araceae
Botanical Name : Amorphallus campanulatus
Vernacular Name: Sans- Kandala ,Hind - Kanda , Eng - Elephant foot yam
Parts used : corns
Properties and uses : The tuber is dry, acrid, pungent; increases both appetite and taste; stomachic, constipating; useful in piles, enlargement of the spleen, tumours, asthma, bronchitis, vomiting, abdominal pain, blood diseases, elephantiasis; causes itching, sensation; harmful in "kapha ", leprosy, leucoderma
The corm and the seeds are used as irritants and relieve the pain of rheumatic swellings when applied externally.
When fresh, it acts as an acrid stimulant and expectorant, and is used in acute rheumatism. It is supposed to have restorative powers and is in much request It is considered serviceable in haemorrhoids.
The root is used in ophthalmia ; applied to boils. It is also used as an emmenagogue.
The raw tuber, well ground, is .rubbed on swellings of the extremities
The corns are acrid, astringent, anti inflammatory, antihaemorrhodial, haemostatic, expectorant, carminative, digestive, appetizer, stomachic, liver tonic, aphrodisiac, rejuvenating, they are useful in vitiated conditions of vata and kapha.
Also useful in asthma, cough, bronchitis, arthralgia, inflammations, haemorrhoids, tumours, elephantiasis, anorexia, flatulence colic, constipation, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, seminal weakness, anaemia, splenopathy.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Vagina radiata
Vernacular Name: Sans-Mudgah ,Hind - Pessara , Eng –Green gram
Parts used : seed
Properties and uses : The seeds are acrid ,sweet, cooling, digestive, laxative, antipyretic, cure biliousness, blood diseases, eyes; cause much flatulence.
The seeds have a good taste; tonic, astringent to the bowels; enrich the blood: good in fevers, eye troubles, headache, nose complaints, throat inflammations, kidney diseases, the pulse is considered cool, light ,astringent, it is used in strengthen the eye, and as a diet in fever.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and pitta, agalactia, haemorrhoids, skin diseases, scabis, leucoderma, gonorrhoea, epistaxis, asthma ,paralysis, cephalgia, vertigo, dropsy, neuropathy, opthalmia, fever and general debility.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Arachis hypogaea:
Vernacular Name: Sans: Buchanaka; Hind: Mungphali; Eng: Groundnut.
Parts used : seeds, oil
Therapeutic uses : The seeds are sweet, oleaginous, aphrodisiac, galactagogue, constipating, tonic useful in agalactia, diarrhea, general debility, oil is aspirant and emolient , sweet, purgative, used in nephropathy and dislocated joints
The fruit and oil are sweet and astringent to the bowels; they
cause flatulence and bronchitis
The unripe nuts are given to women whose supply of milk is insufficient for their children; they are considered a good lactagogue. the oil from the seeds is given in acute abdominal pain, It is applied hot to dislocations as compresses with or without tafia.
The seeds contain an alkaloid of unknown composition, arachine.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Macrotyloma uniflorum
Vernacular Name: Sans- Kulatthah ,Hind -Kultthi , Eng – Horse gram
Parts used: seeds
Properties and uses: The seeds are bitter, acrid, thermogenic, anthelmintic, astringent, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, ophthalmic and tonic.
They are useful in haemorrhoids, tumours, bronchitis, cardiopathy, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, splenomegaly, 'asthma, hiccough, opthammopathy, verminosis and vitiated conditions of vata.
Family Name: Combretaceae
Botanical Name : Terminalia catappa
Vernacular Name: Sans: Batada; Hind Jangli Badam; Eng : Indian Almond tree
Parts Used: Leaves and bark.
Therapeutic Uses:
Leaves: sudorific, applied to rheumatic joints; ointment made from juice useful in scabies and other cutaneous affections;
Bark: astringent, cardiotonic and diuretic; beneficial in dysentery.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Lablab purpureus Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-Nispavah ,Hind -Bhatvas , Eng – Indian butter bean
Parts used: leaves, seeds
Properties and uses: Leaves are alexipharmic and emmenagogue, and are given in colic.
Seeds are sweet, astringent, sour, laxative, diuretic, galactagogue, anaphrodisiac, stomachic and anti-spasmodic. They are useful in inflammations, strangury, agalactia and vitiated conditions of kapha.
Pods: beneficial in nasal haemorrhage; seeds: febrifuge, stomachic and aphrodisiac.leaves are alexipharmic and emmenagogue, and are given in colic,
seeds are sweet ,astringent, laxative, diuretic, galacagogue, aphrodisiac, stomachic and anti-spasmodi. They are useful in inflammations, agalactia and vitiated conditions of kapha.
Family Name: Brassicaceae
Botanical Name : Brassica juncea
Vernacular Name: Sans- Sarsapah, Hind-Rayi, Eng – Indian mustard
Parts used: seeds, oil
Properties and uses: The seeds are acrid, bitter, thermogenic, anodyne, anti-inflammatory, carminative, digestive, anthelmintic, aperient, sudorific and tonic
.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of vella and kapha, dengue fever, abdominal colic, anorexia, dyspepsia, intestinal worms, flatulence, inflammations, morbid state of the cerebrospinal system, skin diseases, splenomegaly and persistent vomiting.
Mustard is used in larger doses as an emetic in cases of poisoning and it will cause hyperdipsia, burning sensation, and other disorders due to the vitiation of pitta.
Family Name: Apiaceae
Botanical Name : Cuminum cyminum
Vernacular Name: Sans-Jiraka, Hind-Jira, Eng-Cumin
Parts used: fruits
Properties and uses: The fruits are acrid, sweet, cooling, anaphrodisiac, astringent, digestive, carminative, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, anodyne, constipating, stomachic, stimulant, depurative, revulsive, diuretic, galactagogue, febrifuge, uterine and nervine stimulant, ophthalmic and tonic, and are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and vata, dyspepsia, colic, helminthiasis, inflammations, flatulence, anorexia, vomiting, haemorrhoids, strangury, renal and vesical calculi, leucorrhoea, chronic diarrhoea, skin diseases, leprosy, leucoderma, .agalactia, fever, ophthalmopathy, gonorrhoea, hiccough, asthma, cough, bronchitis, ulcers and general debility.
Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Botanical Name : Anacardium occidentale
Vernacular Name: Sans- Batada, Hind- Kaju badam, Eng-Cashew nut tree
It is ushna and snigdha; subdues deranged vata; guru, spermatopoietic; its pulp is madhu, aphrodisiac; pacifies deranged pitta and anila (vata); snigdha, ushna; aggravates kapha. It is contraindicated in haemorrhagic disease.
Parts Used: Fruits, bark and root.
Therapeutic Uses:
Fruits: antidiarrhoeal, antiscorbutic; juice is a counter irritant, diuretic and useful in kidney troubles; kernel is demulcent, emollient and nutritious;
Fruits are acrid, sweet, aphrodisiac, trichogenous, antihelmintic, useful in vitiated conditions of vata and kapha, skin diseases, dysentery, haemorrhoids anorexia.
They are also used for preventing hair loss and to increase hair growth.
Bark: alterative and astringent; externally applied in leprosy and ulcers; the roots are considered purgative, the bark and leaves are useful in odontalgia, ulitis.
The gum from the bark is used in leprosy, ringwoem, corns, obstinate ulcers.
The kernels constitute a highly nutritious and concentrated food.
A delicious drink is also derived from the spongy thalamus.
Family Name: Rutaceae
Botanical Name : Murraya koenigii
Vernacular Name: Sans- Surabhinmba , Hind –Kurry patta, Eng-Curry leaf tree
Parts used: Whole plant, leaves, root and bark
Properties and uses:
Whole plant, leaves, root-bark,- antiemetic, carminative, stomachic, tonic.
Green leaves- infusion used as antidiarrhoeal, antidysenteric and antiemetic. Bruised and applied locally to eruptions, and poisonous bites
Root- bark- relieves renal pain..
Family Name: cucerbitaceae
Botanical Name : Momordica charantia
Vernacular Name: Sans- Karvellam ,Hind - Karela , Eng - Bitter gourd
Parts used : whole plant
Properties and uses : The root is used in ophthalmia and in prolapsus vagime 'the fruit is bitter, cooling; digestible, laxative, antipyretic, anthelmintic-'" appetiser; cures 'biliousness, "kapha ", blood diseasea, anaemia, urinary discharges, asthma, ulcers, bronchitis; the juice is useful in cholera.
The root is considered. astringent and useful in haemorrhoids.
The juice of the leaves is given in bilious affections, as an emetic and purgative, alone or combined with aromatics; the juice is rubbed in burning of the soles of the feet, and with black pepper is rubbed round the orbit, as a cure for night blindness.
It is used internally as a laxative, and as an ointment for sores.
The fruit and leaves are anthelmintic; useful in piles, leprosy, jaundice, and as a vermifuge.
The leaves are bitter, anthelmintic, antipyretic, emetic and purgative. They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, helminthiasis"constipation, inetermittent fever, burning sensation of the sole and nyctalopia. The juice of the fresh leaves acts as a mild purgative, and is prescribed for children.
The expressed juice of the plant with chalk is used in aphthae, and also an emmenagogue in dysmenorrhoea. It is applied externally to the scalp in pustular eruptions. The fruit is very bitter, carminative, tonic, stomachic, aphrodisisc, anthelmintic; astringent to the bowels, lessens expectoration; used in syphilis, rheumatism. Troubles of the spleen, ophthalmia. The fruits are bitter, acrid, thermogenic, depurative, vulnerary, stimulant, purgative, appetising, antidiabetic, carminative, digestive, stomachic, anthelmintic, anti inflammatory, emmenagogue, febrifuge and tonic. They are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and pitta, skin diseases, leprosy, ulcers, wounds, burning sensation, constipation, anorexia, flatulence, colic, helminthiasis, rheumatalgia, gout, diabetes, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, haemorrhoids, inflammation, asthma, cough, dysmenorrhoea, impurity of breast milk, fever and debility.
Seeds are useful in the treatment of ulcers, pharyngodynia and obstructions of the liver and spleen. The leaves and fruits are used for external application in lumbago, ulceration and bone fractures and internally in leprosy, haemorrhoids and jaundice.
Family Name: Aracaceae
Botanical Name : Phoenix dactylifera
Vernacular Name: Sans- Pindakharjura ,Hind - Khajur , Eng - Date pam
Parts used : leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds.
Prioperties and uses : The fruit is sweet, cooling, tonic, fattening, aphrodisiac, useful in leprosy, thirst, asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, tuberculosis, abdominal complaints, fevers, vomiting, wandering of the mind, loss of consciousness.
The toddy is intoxicating, fattening, aphrodisiac; improves taste; useful in bronchitis and" vata "; causes biliousness. The leaves are aphrodisiac; good -for the liver. The flower is bitter; purgative, expectorant, tonic to the liver; useful in fever and blood complaints.
The fruit is aphrodisiac, tonic; strengthens the kidney; enriches the blood; useful in paralysis, chest, and lung complaints.
The dry fruit is sweet, diuretic, aphrodisiac, enriches the blood; useful in bronchitis. The seed is applied to wounds; lessens inflammation.
Dates are considered demulcent, expectorant, laxative, nutrient and aphrodisiac. They are prescribed in cases of cough, asthma and other chest complaints; also in fever, gonorrhoea, &c. The gum is esteemed as a useful remedy in diarrhoea and diseases of the genitourinary system. Long-continued use of the fruit is said to produce soreness of the gums.
Family Name: Cucurbitaceae
Botanical Name : Cucumis sativus
Vernacular Name: Sans- Trapusah ,Hind - Khira , Eng - Cucumber
Parts used : fruits, seeds,
Properties and uses : The fruits are sweet, refrigerant, haemostatic, diuretic, tonic, useful in vitiated pitta, hyperdipsia, burning sensation, thermoplegia, fever, insomanis, bronchitis, jaundice, haemorrhages, strahgury, general debility.
The seeds are astringent, sweet, refrigerant, nutritive, purgative, antipyretic, are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, constipation, intermittent fevers, renal calculus, urodynia, general debility.
The fruit is applied externally to relieve inflammation. The seed possesses cooling properties. It is also used as a diuretic.
The leaves, boiled and mixed with cumin seeds, roasted and powdered, and administered in. throat aftections, Cucumber contains a fairly strong proteolytic enzyme which is ereptic in nature.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Dolichos bijorus
Vernacular Names: Sans: Kulattha; Hind: Kulthi;; Eng : Horsegram.
It is katu, tikta; beneficial in piles, colic, epistasis, flatulence, ophthalmia and healing of ulcer.
Part Used: Seeds
Therapeutic Uses: Seeds: astringent, diuretic, tonic; powder used as antidiaphoretic; decoction beneficial in leucorrhoea, menstrual troubles and in combination with milk acts as an anthelmintic; soup prepared from pulses is an useful diet in sub-acute cases of enlarged liver and spleen.
Family Name cucurbitaceae
Botanical Name : Benincasa hispida
Vernacular Name: Sans-: kusmandh ,Hind - petha , Eng – white gourd melon
Parts used: fruits, seeds
Properties and uses: The fruits are sweet, cooling, styptic, laxative, diuretic, tonic, aphrodisiac and antiperiodic. They are useful in asthma, cough, diabetes, haemoptysis. haemorrhages from internal organs, epilepsy, fever and vitiated conditions of pitia. The seeds are sweet, cooling and anthelmintic, and are useful in dry cough, fever, urethrorrhea, syphilis, hyperdipsia and vitiated conditions of pitta.
Peptic Ulcer : The dilute juice of ash gourd is beneficial in the treatment of peptic ulcer. The juice, squeezed out of grated ash gourd with an equal amount of water added to it, should be taken daily in the morning on an empty stomach. No food should be consumed for 2 to 3 hours afterwards. This also relieves inflammation in the alimentary canal.
Bleeding : Ash gourd acts as a blood coagulant From ancient times, its fresh juice mixed with a teaspoon of am/a or lime juice is used as a specific medicine to stop profuse bleeding from lungs and nose, in piles and haematuria, a disease characterised by the presence of blood cells in the urine.
General Debility A delicious Sweet prepared from pulp of the fruit by boiling its pieces in water and adding sugar syrup to it is used as a medicine to increase weight, in tuberculosis, weakness of the heart, heat in the body, thinness of semen and anaemia.
Family Name: Malvaceae
Botanical Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Vernacular Name: Sans-Bhenda ,Hind - bhindi , Eng - Ladys finger
Parts used : fruits
Properties and uses : the fruits are sweet, mucilaginous, emollient, cooling, aphrodisiac, stomachic, haematinic, demulcent, diuretic, constipating and tonic.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, gonorrhoea, urethrorrhoea, abdominal disorders, anaemia, pruritis, diarrhea and general debility.
Family Name: Liliaceae
Botanical Name : Allium sativum
Vernacular Name: Sans- Lashuna ,Hind - Lasan , Eng - Garlic
Parts used : bulbs
Properties and uses : The bulb is pungent; heating, oleaginous; tonic, aphrodisiac, fattening, digestive, anthelmintic; improves appetite, voice, complexion; useful in diseases of the eye and the heart, low fevers, bronchitis, inflammation, piles, leucoderma,asthma, "yata ", lumbago, tumours, epileptic fits, thirst, earache.
The bulb has a sharp taste; diuretic; carminative, alexipharmac, aphrodisiac; useful in inflammation, paralysis, pain in the body and the joints, troubles of the spleen, liver, and lungs; clears the voice; good for lumbago, chronic fevers,thirst, caries of the teeth, leucoderma; thins the blood . Irritant and rubefacient; as a carminative and gastric stimulant, garlic aids digestion and absorption of food, and is given in flatulance;
As an expectorant, it has a special influence over the bronchial and pulmonary secretions, useful in cases of dilated bronchi with fetid expectoration; in pulmonary phthisis it often diminishes cough, reduces expectoration, lessens night-sweats, improves appetite, helps in gaining weight, and renders sleep regular; as an emmenagogue it promotes the flood of menses; tonic, carminative and stimulant of the skin and kidneys; causes copius sdiuresis, and hence is used in dropsy; applied to the noses of hysterical girls .
when in a state of swooning; given with common salt- to relieve colic and nervous headache; applied in the form of poultice to the chest, also to the spine in infantile convulsions, over the abdomen in gastro-intestinal catarrh; anthelmintic and antiseptic; antituberculous, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-phlogistic,escharotic and hygroscopic; oil prepared with garlic bulb fried therein is often used in rheumatic pain, to absorb inflammation over joints and to relieve earache.
The medicinal use and pharmacological action as detailed above were known to the ancient Hindus many centuries ago, and seem to be supported by modern researches. The use of the garlic in India as an antiseptic is very common, and it has recently been noticed that the classes of Indian people who regularly use garlic as food are more free from beri-beri and influenza, Garlic is freely used in this country after child-birth with good results, and its use in suspected cases of diphtheria and in certain infectious diseases is being extended.
From what is already known it promises to be a potent remedial agent in the treatment of tuberculosis, etc., and it remains to be ascertained in what form the administration of the drug will be more effective. According to present knowledge, however, fresh garlic juice, unfiltered, appears to be best in most cases. To avoid the disagreeable odour, a thick extract of garlic juice may be preferable and administered in the form of pills, The bulbs are acrid, bitter, sweet, astringent, salty, thermogenic, aperient, anodyne, oleagenous; aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, expectorant, febrifuge, diuretic, alexeteric, emmenagogue, rubefacient, stimulant, anticholesterol, antibacterial, antifungal and tonic. They are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and vita, cough, whooping cough, bronchitis, asthma, fever, facial paralysis, flatulence, colic, constipation, atonic dyspepsia, helminthiasis, duodenal ulcers, pulmonaryand laryngeal tuberculosis, ophthalmopathy, cardiopathy, fatigue, leucoderma, leprosy, hysteria, haemorrhoids, sciatica, otalgia, lumbago, swellings, splenopathy, hepatopathy, pneumonopathy, arthralgia and dental canes.
Family Name: Myrtaceae
Botanical Name : Syzygium aromaticum
Vernacular Name: Sans-Lavangam ,Hind - Lavang , Eng - Cloves
Parts used: dried flower buds (cloves), oil
Properties and uses: The cloves are acrid, bitter, aromatic, rerrigerant, ophthalmic, digestive, carminative, stomachic, stimulant, antispasmodic, antibacterial, rubefacient, aphrodisiac, appetiser, expectorant, emollient, anthelmintic, sialogogue, rejuvenating, gaiacto-purifier, diuretic, febrifuge and tonic.
They are useful in halitosis, odontalgia, ophthalmopathy, flatulence, colic, gastropathy, anorexia, cough, asthma, vitiated conditions of kapha and pitta, burning sensation, skin diseases, helminthiasis, agalactia, impuri ty of breast milk, strangury, fever, cephalalgia, neuralgia, lumbago, notalgia, dental caries, hyperacidity, vomiting, dipsia, hepatopathy. general debility and tuberculosis.
The oil is useful in catarrh, cough. bronchitis, vitiated conditions of viita, gastrohelcosis, flatulence, colic. skin diseases, dyspepsia, vomiting, odontalgia, dental caries and ceptialalgia. Externally the oil is used as a rubefacient and counterirritant
Family Name: Rutaceae
Botanical Name : Citrus limon
Vernacular Name: Sans: Nimbuphala; Hind: Jambira; Eng : Lemon.
The fruit is well known as amla, katu, ushna; efficacious in the treatment of abdominal lump, rheumatoid arthritis, eye affection; cough, deranged kapha. Throat disease and vomiting; gastric stimulant. The ripe fruit is highly appetizing.
Parts used : Fruits
Therapeutic uses : Fruits (ripe), juice refrigerant and allays thirst, antidiarrhoeal, antidysentric, antiscorbutic, astrigent, used in the treatment of rheumatism, scurvy and gout,rind is carminative and stomachic. The fruit has sour sharp taste ,appetizer, stomachic, antihelmintic, cures abdominal complaints, removes diseases due to tridosha, loss of appetite, constipation, fatigue, good in kapha ,biliousness, abdominal pain, foul breath,relieves vomiting, good for eyes.
The fruit is stimulabt ,useful in weakness, trembling of limbs, hemicrania, throattroubles, brain disorders, burning in chest, bronchitis, improves liver, heart, eyes. Leaves are used for bleeding gums.
Family Name: Poaceae
Botanical Name : Zea mays
Vernacular Name: Sans- Makaya ,Hind - Makai , Eng - Indian corn
Parts used : grains
Properties and uses : The grain is an appetiser; fattening; cures" kapha" and pitta, sweet, appetizer, nutritious, diuretic, useful in anorexia, emaciation, general debility,haemorrhoids. It is a valuable article of diet for invalids and children.
A decoction of the grain is used as a hip-bath for piles; lessens pain. It is considered to be resolvent, astringent, and very nourishing; they consider it to be a suitable diet in consumption and a relaxed condition of the bowels.
An alkaline solution is prepared from the burnt cobs and is given in lithiasis., the grain is boiled and made into emollient poultices.
It is much used as a valuable article of diet for invalids and children. The silky stigmata are used in decoction in diseases of the bladder, and some use it under the name of Corn silk, of which a liquid extract is sold in the shops as a remedy in irritable conditions of the bladder with turbid and irritating urine; it has a marked diuretic action.
The meal has been long in use as a poultice, and gruel is also made of it.
The whole plant is considered diuretic and a decoction of the stigmas or the stalks is a common remedy for affections of the bladder and kidneys.
Family Name: piperaceae
Botanical Name : Piper nigrum
Vernacular Names: Sans: Maricha; Eng : Black pepper.
Black pepper is katu, tikta, ushnaveerya, laghu; controls vitiated sleshma and villa; anthelmintic; useful in heart disease and as appetizer. The fruit is pungent, bitter; hot, anthelmintic, alterative; useful in 'kapha" and "vata", asthma, pains, diseases of the throat, piles, urinary discharges, ozoena, night blindness; increases biliousness; brings on sleep and epileptic fits.
The fruit has a sharp, pungent, slightly bitter taste; canninative, bechic, phrodisiac, purgative, alexipharmic; useful in toothache, inflammation, pain in the liver and the muscles, diseases of the spleen eructations, leucoderma, lumbago, chronic fevers, paralysis; facilitate, menstruation; dries the humours of the body.
Pepper is much employed as an aromatic stimulant in cholera. weakness following fevers, vertigo, coma, as a stomachic in dyspepsia and flatulence; as an antiperiodc, malarial fever; and as an alterative in paraplegia and arthritic diseases.
Externally it is valued for its rubefacient properties, and as a local application for relaxed sore-throat, piles, and some skin diseases. Pepper is considered an energetic stimulant, diaphoretic, and carminative. It is used as' a cure for dysentery.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Lens culinaris Medikus
Vernacular Name: Sans-Masurah ,Hind -Masur , Eng - Lentil
Parts used: seeds
Properties and uses: The seeds are sweet, refrigerant, astringent, constipating, diuretic and tonic. They are useful in ophthalmopathy, mammillitis, vitiated conditions of pitta. diarrhoea, dysentery, strangury, tumours, cardiopathy, foul and indolent ulcers, skin diseases, anaemia and general debility.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Trigonella foenum-graecum
Vernacular Name: Sans-Menthik - ,Hind –Meti, Eng - Fenugreek
Parts used: leaves, seeds
Properties and uses: The leaves are refrigerant and aperient and are given internally for vitiated conditions of pitta. A poultice of the leaves is applied for swellings and bums.
Seeds are bitter, mucilaginous, aromatic, carminative, tonic, thermogenic, galactagogue, astringent, emollient and aphrodisiac.
They are good for fever, vomiting, anorexia, cough, bronchitis and colonitis. Extemaily in the form of poultices they are used for boils, abscess and ulcers.
An infusion of the seeds is good cool drink for smallpox patients. Powdered seeds find application in veterinary medicine. An aqueous extract of seed possesses antibacterial property.
Family Name: Arecaceae
Botanical Name : Cocus nucifera
Vernacular Name: Sans- Narikela,Hind - Nariyal , Eng - Coconut tree
Parts used : roots, inflorescence, seeds, shell, water, oil, kernel.
Properties and uses : ROOT is anthelmintic., used as a diuretic, and also as an astringent gargle in sore throat, It has been found useful in uterine diseases. The tomentum is used for stopping blood in cases of wounds, bruises, leech-bites, etc. The roots are diuretic; a decoction is prescribed in blennorrhagia, bronchitis, and liver complaint with or without jaundice The root is said to strengthen the gums.
FRUIT is sweet, cooling; oleaginous, indigestible; fattening, tonic, laxative, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic; useful in leprosy, thirst, biliousness, diseases of the blood, burning sensations, tuberculosis; causes" kapha" and intestinal worms.
FLOWER is cooling; useful in diabetes, dysentery, leprosy, urinary discharges; constipating.- The flowers are considered astringent.
MILK is coo1ing, oleaginous; appetiser; aphrodisiac, laxative; useful in bronchitis, biliousness, "kapha" and" yata", tumours. The freshly-drawn milk from the young spadix is refrigerant and diuretic, a preparation known as toddy poutice. The fresh milk has been successfully employed in debility. incipient phthisis, and cachetic affections. In large doses it proves aperient, and in some cases actively purgative. The milk is. purgative; it is given in haemoptysis and eruptive fevers.
OIL is indigestible, aphrodisiac, fattening; useful in urinary complaints, asthma, bronchitis, consumption, ulcers. The oil is sweet; tonic, diuretic, anthelmintic; lessens promotes the growth of hair; useful in lumbar pain. Cocoanut oil is said to promote the growth of hair; hence it is much used as a local application in alopecia and in loss of hair after fever and debilitating diseases. The. oil is chiefly used in the preparation of ointments, and is applied topically for scabies and ringworm. The oil is applied to the head for cooling; the pulp of the young fruit is given in sunstroke.
BARK is good for the teeth and also in scabies. The fruit is sweet; aphrodisiac, diuretic; useful in fever, paralysis, liver complaint, piles; enriches the blood; increases the weight of the body; causes pain in the kidney and lumbago in persons of cold constitution.
JUICE : The fermented juice is oleaginous, intoxicating, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic; causes biliousness The fermented juice constitutes one of the spirituous liquors described by the ancient writers. A tumblerful of the fresh juice is sometimes taken early in the morning on account of its' refrigerant and slightly aperient properties. The water is a food refrigerant, useful in thirst. fever, and urinary disorders. It may be drunk to almost an; quantity without injury and is considered a purifier of the blood.
The pulp of the young fruit is cooling and diuretic.
NUT is taken internally together with other drugs for cutaneous ulcers and especially for ulceration of the mucous membrane of the nose. The immature nuts are employed as an astringent in the sore throats of children. The wood is prescribed in the treatment of piles.
Family Name: Liliaceae
Botanical Name : Allium cepa
Vernacular Name: Sans- Palandu ,Hind - Piyaz , Eng - Onion
Parts used : bulbs
Properties and uses : The tuber is pungent; tonic, aphrodisiac; improves taste; useful in vomiting, biliousness, body pains, tumours, bleeding piles, epistaxis. The seeds are fattening; useful in caries of the teeth and urinary discharges .
The bulb has a sharp taste; tonic, stomachic, appetiser; useful in malaria, ophthalmia, diseases of the spleen, vomiting, asthma, scabies, earache, piles; enriches the blood of women; applied to the eyes in night-blindness.
The bulbs contain an acrid, volatile oil, which acts as a stimulant, diuretic, and expectorant. Onions are occasionally used in fever, dropsy and catarrh, and chronic bronchitis; in colic and scurvy. Externally as rubefacient, and, when roasted, as a poultice. Considered by natives hot and pungent, useful in flatulency.
They are also described as aphrodisiac. Eaten raw they are emmenagogue. The juice rubbed on insect-bites is said to allay irritation. The centre portion of a bulb, heated and put into the ear, is good for earache The warm juice of the fresh bulb is also, used for this purpose.
The seeds yield a colourless clear oil used in medicine. The expressed juice of the bulbs.with salt dropped in the eye,is said to be useful in night-blindness.
The bulb is crushed and the acrid is utilised emitted like smelling salts for fainting and hysterical fits. Said to increase the peristaltic action of the intestines, and is prescribed in ohstruction. Used in jaundice, haemorrhoids, prolaps ani and in hydrophobia. The bulb is conisidered poctoral, diuretic, and emmenagogue . It is given internally in bronchitis, liver complaints, dysmenorrhora, vertigo, and migraine. Externally it is applied topically in the treatment of lymphangites, adenites, carbuncles, etc
The bulbs are acrid, sweet, aromatic, thermogenic, antiperiodic, antibacterial, aphrodisiac, emmenagogue, emollient, expectorant, carminative, stomachic, diuretic, anodyne and tonic.
They are useful in haemorrhoids,dysentery, flatulence, dyspepsia, colic, jaundice, splenopathy, hepatopathy, pneumonopathy, asthma, bronchitis, ophthalmia, vomiting, otalgia, pharyngodynia, malarial fever, lumbago, epilepsy, tumours, wounds, paralysis, arthralgia, leucoderma and skin diseases.
Family Name:
Botanical Name : Spinacia oleracea
Vernacular names : sans palakyam, Hind- palak, Eng spinach
It is slightly katu, madhura; diet; sheetaveerya (sitala); useful in treatment of haemorrhagic disease; astringent and highly palatable
Parts used: Whole plant and seeds.
Therapeutic uses: Green plant is given for urinary calculi.
Leaves are nutritious and cooling; useful in febrile affections, inflammation of lungs and bowels; in the leaves possess antibacterial action. Seeds are laxative and cooling; useful in breathing difficulty; cures jaundice and inflammation of the liver.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Pisum sativum
Vernacular Names: Sans, Hind Matar; Eng :Pea:
It causes vata subdues deranged pitta and kapha; alleviates burning sensation; appetizing, nutritious, sheeta (sheetaveerya), kashaya, causes ama dosha
Part Used: Seeds.
Therapeutic Uses: Seeds: flour considered to be emollient when applied in the form of cataplasm; crude extract affects the ciliar movements and suppresses cough reflex.the seeds are sweet, acrid, cooling, laxative, useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, skin diseases, leprosy, cough, bronchitis, measles, cuts and wounds..
They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, skin diseases, leprosy, cough, bronchitis, measles, cuts and wounds.
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name : Cajanus Cajan
Vernacular Names: Sans: Adhaki Hind Arhar; Eng : Pigeon pea
It is tuvara (kashaya), ruksha, madhura, sheetala (sheetaveerya), laghu; astringent and aggravates vata; improves the brightness of the skin; useful in deranged pitta, kapha and dyscrasia.
Parts Used: Seeds and leaves.
Therapeutic Uses: Seeds: nutritious; leaves: expressed juice with a little salt given in jaundice. The seeds are astringent, acrid, sweet, cooling, anthelmintic, pectorial, constipating, febrifuge and expectorant. They are useful in vitiated pitta, intestinal worms, oral ulcers, tumours, bronchitis, cough, vomiting, fever, haemorrhoids and cardiac disease. The leaves are astringent, sweet, diuretic, laxative, cooling, anti inflammatory, useful in oral ulcers, odontalgia, gingivitis, strangury and inflammations,the leaves and seds when applied as a poultice over the breast may induce lactation.
The seed is acrid'; astringent to the bowels, anthelmintic; restores lost taste; cures leprosy, vata ", and .. kapha ", ulcers of the mouth, tumours, bronchitis, vomiting, heart diseases, piles, cough, biliousness, .. tridosha "; improves complexion; causes flatulence
The seeds have a good taste; indigestible:; cause constipation, griping, biliousness, diarrhoea and weakness; improve the liver; lessen expectoration.
The leaves lessen inflammation; good in piles and for the teeth The pulse anti leaves are mixed and made into a paste which is warmed and then applied over the mammae to check the secretion of milk. A poultice made of the seeds will check swellings. The plant is considered bechic diuretic, astringent, strongly antidysenteric, laxative,- and vulnerant. The buds are pectoral; the flowers bechic; the juice of the leaves laxative. The buds and the green pods are used in infusion as a pectoral.
The boiled leaves are applied to wounds as a vulnerant; in decoction they are used as a detergent; the juice obtained by expression in the cold is used in haemorrhage. An infusion of the flowers is considered pectoral.
Family Name: piperaceae
Botanical Name : Piper longum
Vernacular Names: Sans: Pippali; Eng : Long pepper.
It is an appetizer, aphrodisiac, rejuvenator, madhura vipaka, sheetaveerya, katu, snigdha, laghu; subdues the deranged function of villa and sleshma; purgative, anti-asthmatic, expectorant, stomachic, antipyretic; helpful in skin diseases, polyuria, abdominal lump, piles, spleenomegaly, colic and rheumatoid arthritis.
Parts used: Fruits and root.
Therapeutic uses: The plant is an age-old A yurvedic drug. Both roots and the fruits are attributed with various medicinal properties and as such, find applications in diseases of respiratory tract, dysentery, skin disease (leucoderma), as cholagogue in obstruction of bile duct and gallbladder; analgesic.
Old long pepper is considered to be more useful than fresh one. Powdered long pepper, mixed with honey, is efficacious in cold, cough, asthma andhiccough. It is an important ingredient in the preparation of medicated oil used externally in sciatica and paraplegia.
A mixture of long pepper, long pepper root, black pepper and ginger is an useful preparation in colic, flatulence, cough, coryza and hoarseness. Long pepper ,in combination with black pepper, is used in the preparation of irritating snuff which is recommended in coma and drowsiness.
Long pepper is given to women with warm water after parturition to check haemorrhage and fever. The root is pungent; heating, stomachic, laxative, anthelmintic, carminative; improves the appetite; useful in bronchitis, abdominal pains, diseases of the spleen, tumours, ascites; causes biliousness.
Family Name: lamiaceae
Botanical Name : Mentha arvensis Linn.
Vernacular Name: Sans-Pudina ,Hind -Pudina , Eng -Mint
Parts used: leaves
Properties and uses: The leaves are acrid, aromatic, thermogenic, stimulant, anodyne, deodorant, antiseptic, vulnerary, anthelmintic, carminative, digestive, stomachic, antiemetic, cardiotonic, expectorant, diuretic, depurative, sudorific, emmenagogue, dentifrice, antispasmodic, febrifuge and contraceptive.
They are useful in vitiated conditions of viita, arthralgia, halitosis, indolent ulcers, wounds, cuts, helminthiasis, dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, peptic ulcer, vomiting, diarrhoea, cardiac debility, cough, asthma, bronchitis, strangury, skin diseases, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, dental caries, hepatopathy, splenopathy, jaundice, cephalalgia, fever and general weakness.
Family Name:. Brassicaceae
Botanical Name : Raphanus sativus Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans- Muli ,Hind - Muli , Eng -Rddish
Parts used: roots, leaves, seeds
Properties and uses: The roots are acrid, bitter, thermogenic, appetising, digestive, stomachic, laxative, depurative, anti-inflammtory, anodyne, refreshing and antibacterial. They are useful in neuralgia, cephalalgia, nausea, dyspepsia, colic, flatulence, uropathy, leprosy, skin diseases, inflammations, hepatopathy, biliary disorders, insomnia, chronic diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, and vitiated conditions of kapha. The leaves are antibacterial, diuretic and laxative.
The seeds are expectorant, diuretic, carminative, laxative and emmenagogue and are useful in cough, strangury, flatulence, dyspepsia, amenorrhoea, splenopathy and paralysis.
Decoction of dry radish is given orally either alone or mixed with meat juice in piles; hot fomentation on piles with the paste made from radish by admixture with water or vinegar stops bleeding.
Extract of dry root is a remedy for hiccough, influenza, dysentery, urinary troubles and colic. External application ofthe extract in the form of liniment is effective in erysipelas, oedema from pulmonary diseases and in earache. Seeds are considered expectorant, diuretic, mild purgative. Green leaves of tender radish are considered diuretic and useful for constipation.
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Family Name: poaceae
Botanical Name : Eleusine coracana
Vernacular Name: Sans-Nrtyakundalah ,Hind - Maruva , Eng –Ragi, Finger millet
Parts used : grains
Properties and uses : The grains are sweet, astringent, acrid, bitter, coling, diuretic, useful in vitiated pitta, kapha, burning sensation, renal and vesical calculi, leprosy, skin diseases and general debility.
Family Name: cucerbitaceae
Botanical Name : cucerbita maxima
Vernacular Name: Sans-pita kushmand ,Hind -kaddu , Eng - red gourd pumpkin
Parts used : fruits seeds
Properties and uses : The fruit is cooling; astringent to the bowels; increases appetite; cures leprosy, "kapha" and" vata ", thirst, fatigue; purifies the blood .
The leaves are digestible, haematinic, analgesic; remove biliousness.-The fruit is sweetish; very cooling; laxative; good for teeth, throat, eyes; allays thirst.-The rind is used in piles and applied to wounds.-The seeds are sweet; diuretic, tonic, fattening; cure sore chests, haemoptysis, bronchitis, fever; allay thirst; good for the kidney and the brain.
The leaves are used as an external application for burns. The seeds are considered anthelminitc.., a decoction of the roots. is administered to control uterine haemorrhage resulting from the use of abortifacients. The seeds are taeniacide, diuretic, and demulcent.
Family Name: cuverbitaceae
Botanical Name : Luffa acutangula
Vernacular Name: Sans- Dharmargavah ,Hind - Torai , Eng - Ribbed gourd
Parts used : leaves, fruits ,seeds
Properties and uses : The fruit is sweet, oleaginous, cooling, anthelmintic, stomachic, antipyretic, cures biliousness, asthma, bronchitis, cause kapha and flatulence. Fruits are demulcent, diuretic, tonic and nutritive, and are used as excellent vegetable. The leaves are stomachic, antibilious, antipyretic, cure bronchitis. The leaves are used in splenitis, haemorrhoids, leprosy, granular-conjunctivitis and ringworm.
Seeds possess purgative and emetic properties and also yield an oil. The seeds are bitter, emetic, expectorant and purgative, and are useful in dermatopathy. The pounded leaves are applied locally to splenitis, haemorrhoids, and leprosy.
The juice of the fresh leaves is dropped into the eyes of children in granular conjunctivitis, also to prevent the lids adhering at night from excessive meibomian secretion.
Family Name: Poaceae
Botanical Name : Oryza sativa
Vernacular Name: Sans- Tandula ,Hind - Chaval , Eng - Rice
Part used: roots, grains
Properties and uses: The grain is acrid, sweet; oleaginous, tonic, aphrodisiac, fattening, diuretic; improves taste; useful in biliousness; increases" vata " and" kapha". In India, rice is used variously in sick diet. Boiled rice, when hot, is used as a poultice.
Malted rice is used as a peptic, carminative and tonic.
The grain has long been considered to exercise pectoral virtues, and useful for persons troubled with lung disease and spitting of blood, as in pulmonary consumption.
Boiled rice is very useful in disorganised digestion, in bowel derangements, and in diarrhoea.
Rice-water, made in a similar manner to barley-water, is used as a soothing, nourishing drink in febrile diseases and inflammatory states of the intestines. The husk of the grain is considered anti-dysenteric.
The roasted grain mixed with an equal amount of palm sugar is prescribed in "Strychnos" poisoning. Boiled in water and then dried in the sun the grain enters into the composition of remedies for leprous ulcers.
The roots are cooling, diuretic and febrifuge, and are useful in burning sensation, dipsia, bilious fever, strangury and diabetes.
The grains are sweet, acrid, oleagenous, aphrodisiac, diuretic, carminative, anti dysenteric and tonic. They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, pneumonosis especially pulmonary consumption, diarrhoea and colonopathy.
Family Name: Iridaceae
Botanical Name : Crocus sativus
Vernacular Name : Sans –kunkumam, kesaram, Hind –Kesar, Eng -Saffron
Parts used: dried stigmas
Properties and uses: The dried stigmas are bitter, acrid, fragrant, stimulant, tonic, stomachic, aphrodisiac, anodyne, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, diuretic, laxative, and galactagogue, and are useful in bronchitis, pharyngopathy, cephalalgia, vomiting, fever, melancholia, hepatomegaly, vitiated conditions of kapha in children, epilepsy, inflammations, vitiated conditions of vata and pitta, nephropathy, splenopathy and skin diseases. As a facial cream it is very specific for decolouration of the skin.
Family Name: Papilionoideae
Botanical Name : Delbergia sissoo
Vernacular Names: Sans shinshapa Hind sishu: Eng sisoo.
It is katu, tikta, kashnya and ushnaveerya; helps to arrest emaciation, reduces obesity; efficacious in the treatment of leucoderma and other skin diseases; antiemetic and anthelmintic; cures urinary diseases, dyscrasia and ulcer; alleviates burning sensation; expectorant; abortifacient.
Parts Used: Leaves, bark, wood and root.
Theraptutic Uses: Leaves: stimulant; decoction beneficial in gonorrhoea; mucilage mixed with oil useful in excoriations;
Bark: alterative; dried bark; haemostatic; efficacious in bleeding piles, menorrhagia and in varicose veins;
Wood: alterative and antiemetic; Oil derived from the wood applied externally in skin diseases;
root: astringent.
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Family Name: Cucurbitaceae
Botanical Name : Trichosanthes cucumerina
Vernacular Name: Sans-Svadupatolah ,Hind - Paraval , Eng - Snake gourd
Parts used: whole plant
Properties and uses: The roots and seeds are cooling, anthelminitic, purgative and vennifuge, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, syphilis and venninosis.
The root and seeds are anthdmintic and antidiarrhoeal; used for biliousness and in syphilis. The leaves are cooling. The fruits are sweet, cooling, digestive, carminative, purgative, anthelminitic, febrifuge and tonic.,useful in vitiated conditions or pitta, dipsia, burning sensation, anorexia, dyspepsia, flatulence, constipation, helminthiasis, fever and general weakness. The fruits are very tasty as a vegetable.
The fruit is tonic; cures" yata ", thirst, biliousness; lessens thirst and increases appetite; tonic and stomachic. The seeds are considerd cooling, purgative, emetic and anthelmintic. The plant is used as a purgative and vermifuge.
Family Name: Papilionoideae
Botanical Name : Glycine max
Vernacular Names: Hind: Bhat;; Eng : Soyabean
.
Parts Used : Whole plant and seeds.
Therapeutic Uses: Soyamilk is of particu1ar value in case of milk-allergy and in special diet.
Soybean oil and soyabean meal are prescribed in cases of hypoproteinemia and malnutrition.
Family Name: Convolvulaceae
Botanical Name : Ipomoea batatas
Vernacular Name: Sans-pindaluh ,Hind – Mitha alu , Eng – Sweet potato
Parts used: tuberous roots
Properties and uses: The roots are sweet, refrigerant, laxative, aphrodisiac, diuretic and tonic. They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, hyperdipsia, constipation, strangury, renal and vesical calculi, diabetes and general weakness.
Family Name:Caesalpiniaceae
Botanical Name : Tamarindus indica
Vernacular Name: Sans- Chincha ,Hind - Imli , Eng - Tamarind
Tamarind is amla, guru; subdues deranged vata; aggravates pitta and kapha; causes dyscrasia; gastric stimulant, ruksha, sara, ushna; pacifies deranged kapha and vata when ripe.
Parts Used: Seed-kernel, fruits, stem-bark and kaves.
Therapeutic Uses: Seed-kernel: used as milk purgative and stimulant; ripe fruits: anthelmintic, carminative, digestive and laxative, refrigerant and used as liver tonic; leaves: juice useful in bleeding piles and dysuria; stem-bark: antipyretic and astringent.
The bark is used topically for loss of sensation in paralysis, the ash is given for urinary discharges, gonorrhoea. The leaves are applied to reduce inflammatory swellings, tumours, ringworm, useful in diseases of blood, smallpox, opthalmia other eye disorders, ear ache.
The flowers are acrid sweet, sour, tasty, appetizing, cure vata, kapha, urinary discharges, bad odour in perisperation, The unripe fruit is sour, tasty, astringent to bowels, cures vata, causes biliousness, cough and blood troubles, The ripe fruit is appetizing laxative, heating ,tonic to the heart, anthelmintic, cures vata, kapha, heals woundsa and fractures, The seeds are useful in vaginal discharges and ulcers.
The bark is astringent and heals ulcers, A gargle of Tamarind water is recommended in sore throat The seeds are said to be a good astringent; boiled they are 'Used as a poultice to boils; pounded with water they are applied to the crown of the head in cough and relaxation of the uvula.
The leaves crushed with water and expressed yield an acid fluid, which is said to be useful in bilious fever and scalding of the urine; made into a poultice, they are applied to reduce inflammatory swellings, and to relieve pain.
A poultice of the flowers is used in inflammatory affections of the conjunctiva; their juice is given internally for bleeding piles. the leaves are pounded and mixed with water and drunk as a cooling beverage. The tender leaves are used as poultices for boils, and also as fomentations; . A decoction of the bark is given in asthma and in amenorrhoea; an infusion of the leaves is used as an anthelmintic and in troubles of the stomach.
The sweet pulp in the fruits is much eaten and acts as a laxative.
A tincture of the bark in spirit is used in curing diarrhoea. the bark is used as an astringent. The boiled leaves are 'used to wash wounds; dried and powdered they are caustic and slightly astringent and applied to bad ulcers;:freshly pounded they are made into a poultice to reduce swellings, sprains, etc.
The pulp of the fruit is a household remedy for fever, dyspepsia, gastritis, dysentery, diarrhoea, etc. The bark is used as an astringent in diarrhrea and gingivitis. It is also given as a tonic. The wood is considered a mild purgative and diuretic. The leaves are used externally in scabies and in conjunctivitis.
Family Name: zingiberaceae
Botanical Name : Curcuma longa
Vernacular Name: Sans- Haridr ,Hind - Haldi , Eng - termeric
Parts used : rhizome
Properties and uses : The rhizome is pungent, bitter, heating; laxative, anthelmintic, vulnerary, tonic, alexiteric, emollient; improves the complexion; useful in "kapha" and" vata ", diseases of the blood, leucoderma, scabies, urinary discharges, inflammations, ozoena, bad taste in the mouth, biliousness, dyspepsia, elephantiasis, snake-bite, smallpox, swellings, boils, bruises, sprains
The rhizome is bitter; carminative, maturant, diuretic; good for affections of the liver and jaundice, urinary discharges, scabies, bruises .
The rhizome is used as a stimulant; externally applied in pains and bruises, and internally administered in disorders of the blood. Its use as an external applicant in bruises, leech bites, etc., is perhaps its most frequent medicinal application. The fresh juice is said to be an anthelmintic.
A decoction of the rhizomes is applied to relieve catarrh and purulent ophthalmia.
· some use turmeric medicinally in affections of the liver and jaundice on account of its yellow colour.
A decoction of turmeric in purulent conjunctivitis is very effectual in relieving the pain.
In Coryza the fumes of burning turmeric directed into the nostrils cause a copious mucous discharge and relieve the congestion.
Turmeric is given in the diarrhoeas which are so troublesome . It is employed in intermittent fevers and dropsy. It contains much essential oil and starch and acts as a stimulant and aromatic tonic.
The root, parched, and powdered, is given in bronchitis; the fumes are used during hysteric fits.
A paste made of fresh rhizome is applied on the head in cases of vertigo.
Turmeric and alum in the propol1ion of 1 to 20, is blown into the ear in chronic otorrhoea. A paste made of the flowers is used in ringworm and other parasitic skin diseases, and also in the treatment of gonorrhoea.
The rhizome is used externally for cutaneous affections; and internally against colic, amenorrhoea, and congestions. the leaves are considered antipyretic. the rhizome is used as a tonic, stimulant, aperient, carminative, cordial, emmenagogue, astringent, detergent, diuretic, and maturant.
Family Name: . pedaliaceae
Botanical Name : Sesamum indicum Linn
Vernacular Name: Sans-Tilah ,Hind - Til , Eng - Sesame
Parts used: roots, leaves, seeds, oil
Properties and uses: Roots and leaves are emollient and a decoction of them forms a good hair-wash which will promote hair growth and will blacken them.
The leaves are useful in dysentery, cholera, vitiated conditions of kapha, nephropathy, uropathy, ophthalmopathy and dermatopathy.
The seeds are sweet, astringent; bitter, acrid, emollient, thermogenic, aphrodisiac, laxative, galactagogue, digestive, hair-restorer and tonic.
They are useful in haemorrhoids, ulcers, bums, dysentery, vitiated conditions of vata, strangury, dermatopathy, migraine, alopecia, ophthalmopathy and obesity.
In medicated oils sesame oil forms a fat soluble medium.
The oil is bitter. astringent, sweet, thermogenic, digestive, anthelmintic, constipating and emollient, and is good for ophthalmopathy, burning sensation of the legs, gonorrhoea. otalgia. cephalalgia, obesity and emaciation.
Externally it is used for dryness of the skin and leucoderma.
Family Name: Solanaceae
Botanical Name : Lycopersicon esculentum
Vernacular Name: Sans-Raktamaci ,Hind - Tamatar , Eng -Tomato
Parts used: fruits
Properties and uses: The fruits are sweet, emollient, carminative, digestive, aperient, haematinic, depurative, intestinal antiseptic, liver and kidney stimulant and tonic.
They are useful in atonic dyspepsia, anorexia, flatulence, constipation, asthma, bronchitis, dermatopathy, ulcerative stomatitis, hepatopathy, nephropathy and general debility. "
Family Name: Poaceae
Botanical Name : Triticum aestivum Linn.
Vernacular Name: Sans- Godhumah ,Hind –Gehum, Eng-Wheat
Parts used: grains
Properties and uses: The grains are sweet, refrigerant, emollient, laxative, rejuvenating, appetiser, vulnerary, demulcent, aphrodisiac and tonic. They are useful in vitiated conditions of vata and pitta, anorexia, flatulence, boils, pruritus, skin diseases, ulcers, constipation, menorrhagia and general debility.
The seed is cooling, oleaginous, indigestible; tonic, aphrodisiac, laxative, fattening; increases appetite and taste; useful in .. vata , biliousness, "tridosha" .
Tthe grains are roasted and are considered useful in colliquaive sweating, 'especially in tuberculosis in women.